Friday, April 29, 2016

3rd Trimester Fiefdom Project

Fiefdom Video Questions
   Our next assignment for this project is to watch a video about the castle of the Medieval Times. It was called "Castle" by David Macauley. And answer the questions that we were suppose to answer while watching that video. Here are 36 questions that we have to answer: 

1) Who were the people dependent upon? 
The people dependent upon the lord of the manor.

2) Where did they choose to build? And why?
They choose to build the castle by the shore and river because they used it for nature defense. 

3) What was the first ring of the castle called?
The first ring is called the moat.

4) How long will the walls be on the outer curtain?
The walls on the outer curtain are 300ft.

5) How thick was the inner curtain? How high?
The inner curtain was 12ft thick and 35ft high.

6) Make a stretch 

7) What is the center of the inner ward?
The center of the inner ward is the ling-quarters for King and Queen.

8) How many entrances in the town hall? How are they protected?
There are three entrances in the town hall. they are protected by double town gate houses.

9) Why did people move to towns?
Because lord Kevin forced 500 diggers to build the castle. 

10) What are the walls filled with?
The walls are filled with rubble.

11) How are the windows designed, starting from the bottom to the top of the towers?
The windows are designed small, so that any intruders cant't climb through. All of the windows are fitted with glass and protected by iron grills. 

12) What are the crenulations used for?
It wasn't used for decorations. But they are used for soldiers can shoot in two directions. 

13) Why are the gate houses not lined up from the inner to the outer ward?
The gate house houses are not lined up from the inner to the outer ward because if someone tries to break through the outer wall, they wouldn't able to go through. they would have to find another entrance.

14) How are the tower levels divided? 
The top rooms are for living and working, and below is for storage. 

15) What defenses are in a gate house?
Heavy timer forms were used to block the entrance. 

16) What are the buildings made from? 
The buildings were made from stone, sticks, or cow tongue. 

17) What lived on the bottom floor of the barracks? The top?
The bottom floor was for soldier's weapons and the top was soldiers' places. 

18) What is a garderobe? 
A restroom.

19) Why were nicer rooms higher in the towns? 
Because it was safe with larger windows.

20) How thick were the wall?
The walls were eight to ten feet thick.

21) What was used to heat the rooms? 
There is a stone in the center of the floor was used to heat the room and used for cooking.

22) How many rooms were in a tower?
There are 3-4 rooms in a tower. 

23) What was the most important room in a castle?
The most important room in a castle is the Great Hall.

24) How did peasants live?
the lived by working, selling merchandise, and following the lords and manor's rules. 

25) What was the main material that was used to build medieval homes?
The main material that was used to build medieval homes are called wattle and daubs.

26) What is wattle? What is daub? 
Wattle is a woven ladder of sticks which is covered on both sides with a daub. Daub is mixture of mud, cow tongue, and straws.
27) Why did people settle in towns? 
Because lord Kevin needed workers and diggers to help him build his castle. 

28) What was the best location in a town?
The best location in a town is the market. 

29) What were the floors (bottom) made from?
The floors were made from path dirt covered with reeves. 

30) What were the windows covered with?
The windows were covered with oil and sheep skin to keep out the chills.

31) What was the main source of heat and light?
The main source of heat and light was fire. 

32) Why would no one want to be live behind the butcher shop?
They don't want to live behind the butcher shop because the dogs were lived behind the butcher shop that the owner owned. 

33) What does a barber do? 
Besides cutting people's hair the barber cures people by bleeding out the bad humors. 

34) Are there sewers? 
Yes, there are sewers is the medieval times.

35) Are their toilets? 
Yes, they did have toilets.

36) Where does the waste goes?
The waste goes down a round long hole that cuts in the stone slabs which leads to the separate below.

3rd Trimester Fiefdom Project

Fiefdom Vocabulary 
   The 2nd projects for our 3rd Trimester is that my teacher assigned us a projects about the Fiefdom of Medieval ages. We were assigned to search up 18 words and look for their definition.
  1. Fiefdom- area of land that was ruled over by a lord in medieval times.
  2. FeudalismA political and economic system of Europe during Middle Ages.
  3. Monarch- a king, queen, emperor
  4. VassalA person who held land from a feudal lord and received protection in return.
  5. Knight- A medieval soldier.
  6. Peasant- farmers or tenants.
  7. Commoner- a person without noble rank.
  8. SerfA member of the lowest feudal class.
  9. Tradesman- a man who is a merchant. 
  10. Merchant- a business person who trades.
  11. Castle- is a fortified structure built by nobility.
  12. Moata deep, broad ditch, either dry or filled with water,  that surrounds a castle.
  13. Guild- an association of artisans or merchants who control the practice of their craft in a town.
  14. Abbeya Catholic monastery or convent.
  15. High Middle Ages- the period of European history around the 11th, 12th ,and 13th centuries.
  16. 100 Years War- a series of conflicts waged from 1337 to 1453 between the kingdom of England and the Kingdom of France for control of the French throne.
  17. Black Death- one of the most devastating pandemics. Killing an estimated 75-200 million people in Europe in the years 1348–50 CE.

Monday, April 25, 2016

3rd Trimester Meal Project

        Meal Of Middle Ages
    Our next project for 3rd Trimester is that we are going to research and prepare a meal from the middle ages from 5th - 14th century. There is 5 members in my group. We decided to do 5 different thing, which are:

  • Almond Pudding (14th - 16th century)
  • Rissoles on a Meat Day (14th century)
  • Frutuors (14th - 15th century) 
  • Cabbage Pottage (13th century)
  • Parsnip Pie (14th century)
Rissoles on a Meat Day:
-1 lb ground pork 
-4 eggs, hard boiled and chopped 
-1/2 lb cheese, grated 
-2 tbsp. powder fine 
-pinch of salt

The meat tasted like plain normal meat. The smell of cinnamon was really strong. It was really hard to make and it took me about three hours to make it.
http://www.medievalcookery.com/recipes/rissoles.html

Creamy Mashed Parsnip:
-2 lbs parsnip 
-1 lb potatoes 
-3-4 tbsp. butter
-3-4 tbsp. olive oil
-milk 
-salt and pepper 
-1/2 cup parsley 
-water 

My teammate made this and said it tasted like a mix of carrots and ginger. When you eat it, it melts in your mouth.It tasted like what it smelled like. When she was making it and the smoke detector went on while in the middle making this.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oU2iwwui7y0&feature=youtu.be

Cabbage Pottage:
-1/4 teaspoon ground coriander 
-1 head of fresh cabbage 
-2 medium sized onions
-2 whole leeks 
-3 cups of vegetable broth

My teammate said it had a taste of cabbage with chicken broth, it had a mixed taste of the herb which is the coriander and onions. It also tasted a little bitter and a little salty. She also said that this was really simply to make.

http://www.medieval-recipes.com/delicious/medieval-pottage-cabbage/


Almond Pudding:
-1 cup of almond milk 
-1 1/2 tbsp. sugar
-1/4 cup of cram
-1/2 tbsp. rose water
-1/2 tbsp. unflavored gelatin 

This almond pudding tasted really sugary, icy, and also had a taste of almond milk mixed with eggs. My teammate also said that it was pretty difficult to make. When you look at the steps it looked easy, but when she tried to make it, it wasn't easy.

http://www.greneboke.com/recipes/almondpudding.shtml

Frutours:
-apple
-1 cup off flour 
-1 egg 
-1/2 cup of beer
-1 tbsp. of sugar
-oil

My teammate said that when you but it into your mouth, it tasted really moist and soft, and it was really delicious. It had a smell like apple. When she tried it, it was most. She said that it was not hard to make this although she burned herself. 

http://www.medievalcookery.com/recipes/frutours.html

Monday, April 11, 2016

Vocabulary

  Vocabulary of the Constitution of the United States

legislative: have the function to making laws.


Qualification: a quality, accomplishment.


requisite: 
a necessary quality.

attained: to reach, or achieve.

Secrecy: the state of being hidden from other people.

Compensation: rewarding someone or making up for someone's loss.


Piracies: robbery or illegal violence at area.

Felonies: a crime punishable by death.


Militia: a body of citizen soldiers.


disciplining: training to act in accordance with rules.


Emolument: salary or profit.


Confederation: a league.


emit: to send forth.


reprieves: to delay the impending punishment.


ordain: to invest with ministerial or sacerdotal functions.


Controversies: a prolonged public dispute, debate, or contention.

levy: to start a war.

Engagement: a arrangement to do something.

abridging: to shorten something. 

bail: money given to released someone from custody.


Compare and Contrast

  Compare and Contrast: The Magna   Carta and The US Constitution.
Magna Carta:


  • The Magna Carta was created by King John and the Barons on June 15, 1215. 
  • They talks about kings and what can they kings do.
  • If anyone die before paid for their debt, their children or wife don't have to paid for it. 
  • They had lots of rules about debts and taxes.

Constitution of the United States:



  • The US Constitution was signed by the Constitutional Convention at Independence Hall on September 18, 1787.
  • They talks about how to become a president, vice-president, senate, etc.
  • Legislative, Executive, and Judicial are the three branches of the Constitution. 
  • If you want to become a president, you must be: a natural born citizen; at the age of thirty-five or up; and been fourteen years a Resident within the United States.
  • There are twenty-seven Amendments in the US Constitution. 
  • If you are not at the age of twenty-five or been seven years a citizen of the United States, you can not be a Representatives.
  • The Vice President will become President if the President die or resignation.
Same:


  • Both of them had the freedom of religions. 
  • Those laws were made for people freedom and rights.
  • Only the Parliament and the Congress can collects taxes but not the kings or the presidents. 
  • Both talk about what people can't and can do. 
  • Everyone has the right to a fair trial. 
  • No one can be placed on trial without a believable witness or evidence that proving someone's crime.
  • The Parliament is the form of the government of the Magna Carta. And the three branches are the government of the US. 

Tuesday, April 5, 2016

The Constitution of the United States

 Events lead up the Constitution          of the United States.

  • In 1764 - 1767:
    The UK Parliament of Great Britain and Northern Ireland passed to Colonists a series of the first laws which are: Sugar Act, Stamp Act and Townshend Acts. The Colonists had to pay for the British expenses. 
  • In 1773:
    The Colonists held the Boston Tea Party at Massachusetts. In which against the British tax on tea by boarding ships carrying the taxed tea. There are about 340 chests of tea, weighing over 92,000 pounds that had dumped into Boston Harbor.
  • In 1774:
    They British don't like the idea of the Boston Tea Party so in reply, Parliament passed the Intolerable Acts to punish the Massachusetts. Boston Harbor was closed for the business. In September 1774, The First Continental Congress met at Carpenters' Hall to prepare a Declaration of Rights and Grievances. They also came to make an urgent request to King George III, who is the King of Great Britain and Ireland. They do all of these for the response to the Colonies' outrage towards the Parliament for punishing Massachusetts to what they did at the Boston Tea Party.
  • In 1775:
    The Revolutionary War is known as the US War of Independence. This war began with the Battle of Lexington and Concord in Massachusetts in April. The Second Continental Congress met at Philadelphia in May 1775. George Washington was selected to be Commander in Chief of the Continental Army. 
  • In 1776:
    Thomas Paine published Common Sense in Philadelphia. This pamphlet supported against the British. Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence at the Jacob Graff House in June 1776. On July 4, 1776, The Second Continental Congress adopted the Declaration of Independence at Independence Hall in Philadelphia. 
  • In 1783:
    The United States and Great Britain signed the Treaty of Paris to end the American Revolutionary War. 
  • In 1787 - 1788:
    The Constitutional Convention met at Independence Hall in Philadelphia to draft, debate and sign the United States Constitution on September 17, 1787. In 1788, the US Constitution established the three branches of government and we still using it to today.  

Monday, April 4, 2016

Vocabulary

             Vocabulary of the Magna Carta 
Earls: A British noble of a rank below that of marquis and above that of viscount. 

Justiciaries: the office or jurisdiction of a justicar.

Bailiffs: an officer; similar to a sheriff.

liege: a feudal lord entitled to allegiance and service.

Rectifying: to make, put, or set right; correct.

Venerable: commanding respect because pf great age or impressive dignity. 

Reckoned: to count, compute, or calculate, as in number or amount.

Ratification: the act of ratifying; confirmation; sanction.

Aforesaid: said or mentioned earlier or previously.

Indemnified: to compensate for damage or loss sustained, expense incurred, etc. 

Scutage: a payment exacted by a lord in lieu of military service due to him by the holder of a free.

Boroughs: an incorporated municipality smaller than a city.

Tenement: any species of permanent property, as lands, houses, rents, an office that may be held of another. 

Disseisin: the act of disseising or state of being disseised. 

Vilein: a member of free persons at the lowest level of the feudal system.

Ecclesiastical: relating to the church.

Coroners: an officer of a country or municipality.

Postponement: to put off to a layer time.

Lieu: place; stead.

Inquisition: a judicial or official inquiry.

Henceforth: from now on.

Bailiwicks: the district within which a bailie or bailiff has jurisdiction. 

Franchise: a store, restaurant, or other business operating under such a license.

Hitherto: up to this time.

I found the meaning of these words from:
http://www.dictionary.com/

Sunday, April 3, 2016

Magna Carta

         The events that led up the                Magma Carta:

  • In 1205:
    King John had a fight with Pope Innocent III about who should be the archbishop of Canterbury. Pope Innocent III wanted a man named Stephen Langton to be the archbishop. But King John was disagree Stephen Langton entering his country and become the archbishop of Canterbury.

  • In 1209:
    Pope Innocent III excommunicated King John and his citizens from the church and from receiving the sacraments. King John finally accepted Stephen Langton to be the archbishop and Pope Innocent III made the king and people pay him money whenever he need it. King John raised the taxes on his people to pay the Pope. His punishments here the defaulters were indifference and ruthless. 
  • In 1212:
    King John imposed a new taxes on the Barons to regain the land he had lost which are: Aquitaine, Anjou, and Poitou. King John had a fight with the Barons over his method of ruling England.
  • In 1215:
    Stephen Langton and the Barons joined together to make King John govern by the old English laws that had prevailed before the Normans came. In January, the demands of the Barons were formed in the "Articles of the Barons." The Barons was took over the London on June 1215. In June, the Barons came to Winsor to tell King John meet them at Runnymede. 
  • In June 10 & 15, 1215 
    At the meeting in Runnymede, King John presented a copy of the "Articles of the Barons" and sign the document on June 10, 1215. 

    The Barons returned the Oath of Fealty to King John on June 15, 1215. The royal chancery made a formal royal grant based on the agreement that had sign at Runnymede, which become as Magna Carta. The copies of Magna Carta were given to important people throughout England.

                  This is the picture of the Magna Carta 

Here is some websites I used for information and picture:
  • http://www.medieval-life-and-times.info/medieval-history/magna-carta.htm
  • http://www.thefinertimes.com/Middle-Ages/magna-carta.html
  • https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Magna_Carta_%28British_Library_Cotton_MS_Augustus_II.106%29.jpg